Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a severe monogenic disorder, caused by single nucleotide mutations in the hemoglobin (Hb) gene, that is prevalent in malaria endemic regions of the world. Sickle cell trait ...

In 2018, 228 million cases and 405,000 malaria-associated deaths were reported worldwide with a majority being in Africa. A wide range of factors, including parasitemia, host immunity, inflammatory responses to infection, ...