Past experimental studies have shown that the needle valve of high-pressure diesel injectors undergoes lateral movement and deformation, while the continuous increase in injection pressure enlarges the gap of the needle ...

In diesel engines, double-layer multi-holes nozzles contribute significantly in making spray injection uniform in both the circumferential and axial directions; they further ensure that minimal or no interactions are ...

The stringent emission regulations diesel engines are required to meet have resulted in the usage of multihole and ultramultihole injectors, nowadays. In this research study, a double-layered eight-hole diesel injection ...